Non-Refereed Publications

“The Principle of Relatedness,” (with C. Hildago, et al), Proceedings of the International Conference on Complex Systems, 2018.

“The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Innovation,” (with I. Cockburn and R. Henderson), NBER Economics of Artificial Intelligence volume, forthcoming.

“Strategy for the Start-Up,” (with Joshua Gans and Erin Scott), Harvard Business Review, Anchor Spotlight, 2018.

"The Empirics of Social Progress: The Interplay between Subjective Well-Being and Societal Performance," (with D. Fehder and M.E. Porter), AEA Papers and Proceedings (Forthcoming).

"Do Entrepreneurs Need a Strategy?," (with J. Gans and E. Scott), in Harvard Business Review, 2018.

"Endogenous Appropriability," (with J. Gans), American Economic Review Papers and Proceedings, 2017| working paper

“Nowcasting and Placecasting Growth Entrepreneurship,” (with J. Guzman), in Measuring Entrepreneurial Businesses: Current Knowledge and Challenges, NBER Volume, forthcoming.

"Multiple Paths to Value: Test Two, Choose One," (with J. Gans), IESE Insight, Second Quarter 2017.

“A New View of the Skew: A Quantitative Assessment of the Quality of American Entrepreneurship,” (with C. Fazio, J. Guzman and F. Murray). Kauffman Foundation New Entrepreneurial Growth volume, 2016.

“The Nature and Incidence of Software Piracy,” (with S. Athey), in Economics of Digitization, edited by A. Goldfarb, S. Greenstein and C. Tucker, NBER Volume, 2015.

“Social Progress Index 2014 Methodological Report,” (with A. Wares, S. Orzell and P. O’Sullivan), Social Progress Imperative, 2014.

“Social Progress Index 2014 Report,” (with M.E. Porter and M.Green), Social Progress Imperative, 2014.

“Social Progress Index 2013 Report,” (with M.E. Porter and R. Loria), Social Progress Imperative, 2013. 

“Copyright in the Digital Era,” National Academies STEP Board, 2013.

“Digitization, Innovation and Copyright:  What is the Agenda?” Strategic Organization, Editorial Essay, (with S. Greenstein and J. Lerner), 2013.

“Why was Rate and Direction so Important?  Reflections for the NBER 50th Anniversary Conference in Honor of The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity,” (with N. Rosenberg), 2012.

“More for the Research Dollar,” (with J. Furman and F. Murray), Nature, 2010.

“Finding the Endless Frontier:  Lessons from Life Sciences for the Energy Innovation System,” (with I. Cockburn and J. Zausner), Accelerating Energy Innovation: Lessons from Multiple Sectors, edited by R. Henderson, NBER volume, 2010.

“Moving to a New Global Competitiveness Index,” (with M.E., Porter, C. Ketels and M. Delgado,” Global Competitiveness Report 2008, World Economic Forum, 2008.

“The Globalization of Biotechnology:  Science-Driven Clusters in a Flat World,” (with A. Loffler and R. Hermans), National Academies STEP Project on Globalization, 2008.

“When Ideas are Not Free:  The Impact of Patents on Scientific Research,”  (with F. Murray), Innovation Policy and the Economy, 2007.

“Economic Experiments:  The Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Prosperity,” Kauffman Foundation Thoughtbook, 2005.

“All Are Patent Examiners Equal?:  Examiners, Patent Characteristics and Litigation Outcomes,” (joint with I. Cockburn and S. Kortum), Intellectual Property in the Knowledge-Based Economy, National Academy of Sciences, 2003.

“Managing Ideas:  Commercialization Strategies for Biotechnology,” (with J. Gans), ICFAI Journal of Intellectual Property Rights, 2003.

“Ranking National Innovative Capacity:  Findings from the National Innovative Capacity Index,” (with M. Porter), Global Competitiveness Report 2003.

“Biological Resource Centers:  An Economic Perspective,” Biological Resource Centers:  From Concept to Reality, American Type Culture Collection, 2003.

“The Impact of Location on Innovation:  Findings from the National Innovative Capacity Index,” (with M. Porter), Global Competitiveness Report 2002.

“National Innovative Capacity,” (with M. Porter), Global Competitiveness Report 2001.

“Patient Welfare and Patient Compliance: An Empirical Framework for Measuring the Benefits of Pharmaceutical Innovation,” (with P. Ellickson and M. Trajtenberg), Medical Care Output & Productivity, NBER/CRIW Conference volume, 2001.

“The Adoption and Impact of Advanced Emergency Response Services,” (with S. Athey),   The Economics of Non-Profit Hospitals, NBER Volume, 2000.

“The Drivers of National Innovative Capacity: Implications for Spain and Latin America,”  (with M. Porter and J. Furman), Keys to the World Economy, 2000.

“Understanding the Determinants of National Innovative Capacity: Implications for Central European Economies” Wirtschaftspolitische Blaetter, 2000.

“Information Technology and Training in Emergency Call Centers,” Industrial Relations Research  Association Papers and Proceedings, June 1999.

"Incentives and Focus In University and Industrial Research:  The Case of Synthetic Insulin,"  The University-Industry Interface and Medical Innovation, edited by Annetine Gelijns and Nathan Rosenberg, Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press, 1995.